November 1605 in Graz, 26. [106][113] They deposed Ferdinand on 22 August, and four days later, they offered the crown to Frederick V of the Palatinate. Ferdinand seurasi serkkuaan Matiasta keisariksi vuonna 1619. Without heirs, Emperor Matthias sought to assure an orderly transition during his lifetime by having his dynastic heir (the fiercely Catholic Ferdinand of Styria, later Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor) elected to the separate royal thrones of Bohemia and Hungary. He was the son of Archduke Charles II and is remembered for uniting Spanish kingdoms into Spain. [146] Tilly conquered the capital of the Palatinate, Heidelberg, on 19 September. [92] He was crowned king in the St. Vitus Cathedral on 29 June. Ferdinand II (9 July 1578 - 15 February 1637) was Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia, Hungary, and Croatia from 1619 until his death in 1637.He was the son of Archduke Charles II of Inner Austria and Maria of Bavaria. Sodan laajetessa siihen liittyi vallanhaluisten ruhtinaiden ja maiden, etenkin Ruotsin ja Ranskan, pyrkimys rajoittaa Habsburg-suvun hallitseman keisarikunnan valtaa. [97] Ferdinand was automatically excommunicated for the imprisonment of a cardinal, but Pope Paul V absolved him before the end of the year. Ferdinand was born in Graz, the eldest son of the archduke Charles, the ruler of Inner Austria (Styria, Carinthia, and Carniola), and Maria, a daughter of Albrecht V, duke of Bavaria. [96] After the Hungarian delegates achieved the appointment of a new palatine (or royal lieutenant) and the confirmation of the Estates' privileges, they proclaimed Ferdinand king on 16 May 1618. & R.H. Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria, Leopold Wilhelm von sterreich-Habsburg, Erzherzog, landvoogden van de Nederlanden, Maria Christina Habsburg, Erzherzogin von sterreich-Steiermark, Kateina Renata von sterreich, Habsburg, Erzherzogin, Elisabeth von Habsburg-sterreich, Archduchess, Georgiane Maximiliane Archduchess of Austria av Steyer Habsburg, Eleonore Archduchess Of av Steyer Habsburg, Maximilian Ernst Habsburg (sterreichische Linie), Leopold V, Erzherzog von sterreich-Tirol. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. [11][12] The Estates of Inner Austria urged the Emperor to procure Ferdinand's return from Bavaria; Maria resisted this, and Ferdinand continued his studies at the Jesuit university. [120] After his new confessor, the Jesuit Martin Becanus, assured him that he could grant concessions to the Protestants to secure their loyalty, Ferdinand confirmed the Lutherans' right to practise their religion in Lower Austria, save the towns on 8 July 1620. The present state of the affaires betwixt the Emperor and King of Bohemia, and their confederates as it hath beene very truely related, by certaine letters sent by persons of extraordinary qualitie, &c. Together vvith the occurrents lately happened in the armies of . -15 1637 , , . Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Die Herzge von Mecklenburg, welche dem Knig Christian IV. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). [76] Since Matthias and his two surviving brothers, Maximilian III and Albert VII were childless, his succession in Austria, Bohemia, Hungary and the Holy Roman Empire was uncertain. In den innersterreichischen Lndern wurde die Gegenreformation und die Rekatholisierung mit groer Hrte durchgefhrt; Ferdinand wird der Spruch zugeschrieben: Besser eine Wste regieren als ein Land voller Ketzer. Omissions? [135] The estates of more than 450 nobles and burghers were fully or partially confiscated. Ferdinand replied by firing the Bohemian general in 1630. [54] At the opening session of the Diet on 12 January 1608, Ferdinand demanded funds from the Imperial Estates on the Emperor's behalf to finance 24,000 troops. etc. 1617-ben Csehorszg kirlya lett, 1618-ban a magyar rendek koronztk meg. [80] On 31 October 1616, Ferdinand and Maximilian III agreed to achieve the removal of Klesl, but Ferdinand wanted to conclude an agreement with Philip III about Matthias's succession before making further steps. [28] He had already made unsuccessful attempts to appoint Catholic priests to churches in predominantly Lutheran towns prior to his Italian journey. 12 days ago. Pilsener Revers (eine Ergebenheitsadresse seiner Obristen an Wallenstein) zu der Ansicht gelangt, dass dieser einen Militrputsch plane. [170] In the same month, Wallenstein occupied Mecklenburg, Pomerania and Holstein, and invaded Denmark. Ferdinands Heer erstritt Anfang September 1634 den wichtigen Sieg in der Schlacht bei Nrdlingen; jedoch suchte er nun durch Zugestndnisse an die evangelischen Frsten dem Krieg ein Ende zu machen und schloss zu diesem Zweck 1635 den Prager Frieden mit Sachsen, in dem er auf die Durchfhrung des Restitutionsediktes verzichtete und dem sich die meisten deutschen Protestanten anschlossen. $20.99. [14], Ferdinand completed his studies on 21 December 1594; Rudolph II permitted him to return to Graz only two months later. (1608-1657), rmisch-deutscher Kaiser 1. Swedish strength was greatly weakened, but France entered the war on the side of the Protestants out of fear of Habsburg domination. [30] Ferdinand's mother and Jesuit confessor urged him to take vigorous measures. Ferdinands Edict of Restitution (1629), which forced Protestants to return to the Roman Catholic church all property seized since 1552, revealed to the German princes the threat of imperial absolutism. [1] Charles II, who was the youngest son of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, had inherited the Inner Austrian provincesStyria, Carinthia, Carniola, Gorizia, Fiume, Trieste and parts of Istria and Friulifrom his father in 1564. In 1600, Ferdinand married Maria Anna of Bavaria (15741616), daughter of Duke William V of Bavaria. About Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor Ausztria csszra, Magyarorszg kirlya (1618-1637) , Csehorszg (1617-1637) kirlya, nmet-rmai csszr (1619-1637), Neveltetst nagyban meghatrozta a katolikus hagyomnyok tvtele s a szigor udvari protokoll kell elsajttsa. Ferdinand was born in Graz, the eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand II of Habsburg and his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria. [141] The liberal issue of the new currency caused "the western's worlds first financial crisis",[142] featured by inflation, famine and other symptoms of economic and social disruption. 1529-1595. But Ferdinand's acts against Protestantism caused the war to engulf the whole empire. war Sohn des Erzherzogs Karl II. Maximilian of Habsburg II, Emperor The Holy Roman Empire. [58] Ferdinand urged both parties to respect the Religious Peace, but without much success. [73] They decided to support Matthias's election as King of the Romans (which could have secured his right to succeed Rudolph II), but the three ecclesiastical electors opposed the plan because of Matthias's concessions to the Protestants in Hungary, Austria and Bohemia. [145] Leopold wanted to establish his own principality. Gonzaga und dessen Gattin Prinzessin Maria Gonzaga. [141] They persuaded Ferdinand to lease all Bohemian, Moravian and Lower Austrian mints to them for one year in return for 6 million gulden on 18 January 1622. 1651 Prinzessin Eleonore Gonzaga von Mantua, Tochter Herzog Carlo II. [148] Ferdinand had to yield, but assured Maximilian that he had not abandoned their original plan. He was the second son of Queen Joanna I of Castile and Habsburg Archduke Philip the Handsome. [83] Ferdinand sought assistance from Spain and the Venetians received support from the Dutch and English, but neither side could achieve a decisive victory in the Uskok War. Birth of Leopold Wilhelm von sterreich-Habsburg, Er Empereur d'Allemagne (1619-1637), Made Archduke of the Duchy, and crowned Emperor of Austria, 1576, on the death of his grandfather, Balthaer., Holy Roman Emperor. On November 8, 1620, Catholic forces engaged those supporting the Protestant Frederick, who had taken the Bohemian kingship, at the Battle of White Mountain. [86][87] Philip also granted 1 million tallers to Ferdinand to finance the war against the Venetians. He unwillingly presided over the triumph of Protestantism in Germany. [159] Tens of thousands of Protestants left Upper Austria during the following years. 2. [83], Matthias fell seriously ill in late April 1617. [89] After some negotiations, all delegates but two noblemen and two burghers agreed to "accept" Ferdinand as king on 6 June. [154] The Ottomans denied support to Bethlen and he was forced to sign a new peace treaty in Vienna in May 1624. [44] Taking advantage of his relatives' anxiety, Matthias persuaded Ferdinand, Maximilian and Ferdinand's brother, Maximilian Ernest, to start new negotiations concerning Rudolph's succession. Corrections? Answer and Explanation: [84] In early 1616, Ferdinand pledged that he would not interfere in state administration in Matthias's realms. [54] The resulting agreement was included in the Treaty of Vienna, which granted religious freedom to Hungarian Protestants and prescribed the election of a palatine (or royal deputy) in Hungary on 23 June 1606. Ferdinand was born on March 10, 1503, in Alcal de Henares, Spain. In the wake of these Catholic military successes, in 1629 Ferdinand issued the Edict of Restitution, by which all the lands stripped from Catholics after the Peace of Passau of 1552 would be returned. Ferdinand Erzherzog von sterreich-Tirol II Landesfrstvon Tirol. 1595 , , , . [81], Ferdinand sent troops against the Uskoks' principal center at Senj to put an end to their piratical raids in 1614. [20], Ferdinand reached the age of majority in late 1596. Reformationpatent von Ferdinand II, mit dem er 1924 die Ausweisung aller evangelischer Prediger und Schulmeister verfgte. Ferdinand II, who had been married to his second wife, Eleonora Gonzaga of Mantua, since 1622, died in Vienna in 1637. [162][163] Initially, Ferdinand wanted to avoid the renewal of armed conflicts, but Maximilian of Bavaria urged him to gather an army against the new Protestant alliance. Bohemia offered their crown (King of Bohemia) to the Calvinist Frederick V of the Palatinate on 26 August 1619. and Maria Anna of Bavaria; elected King of the Romans, December 1636; succedeed his father on the imperial throne, February 1637. [130] By that time, Ferdinand had banned all Protestant pastors from Prague, ignoring John George I of Saxony's protests. Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Bohemia Also known as Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Bohemia . [105][106] Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy hired Ernst von Mansfeld to assist the Bohemians. Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor (July 13, 1608 - April 2, 1657), ruled February 15, 1637 - 1657. Um diese Acht zu vollstrecken, lie Ferdinand spanische und ligistische Truppen in die Rheinpfalz einrcken und in den besetzten Gebieten den Protestantismus gewaltsam unterdrcken, wodurch der Religionskrieg nach Deutschland gelangte. (9 1578 - 15 1637) , 16201637. Quickly raising at least 30,000 men (he would later command at least 100,000), and fighting alongside the Catholic League army under the Count of Tilly, Wallenstein defeated Protestant forces in Silesia, Anhalt, and Denmark. [7] His separate household was set up three years later. He was the son of Archduke Charles II of Inner Austria and Maria of Bavaria. [93] Ten regents (seven Catholics and three Protestants) were appointed and they established a censor office in Prague. [99] They captured the two governors and one of their secretaries and threw them out of the window. [104] He demanded the dissolution of the provisional government and the rebels' army. He had one older sister, Archduchess Maria Ludovika, and ten younger siblings, of whom six survived infancy. [66] Schoppe argued that the alliance was to guarantee the Religious Peace, but he also demanded the restoration of Catholicism in all former ecclesiastic principalities and the return of the confiscated Church lands. [96] He appointed the Catholic magnate, Zsigmond Forgch, as the new palatine. [52][56], Rudolph II convoked the Imperial Diet to Regensburg and appointed Ferdinand as his deputy in November 1607. [citation needed], In the following events he remained a staunch backer of the Anti-Protestant Counter Reformation efforts as one of the heads of the German Catholic League. [80][83], Matthias adopted Ferdinand as his son in 1615, but without proposing Ferdinand's election as king of the Romans, because he feared that Ferdinand would force him to abdicate. [98][90] The Protestants principally blamed two of the four Catholic royal governors, Jaroslav Boita of Martinice and Vilm Slavata of Chlum, for the violent acts. A person of moderate talents and willpower, he nevertheless exerted a strong influence on the events of his time by his strict and uncompromising religious policy. [54][55] The subsequent Peace of Zsitvatorok put an end to the war with the Ottoman Empire on 11 November 1606. 1635 , . [107] Maximilian of Bavaria encouraged Ferdinand to adopt an aggressive policy against the Bohemian rebels, but Ferdinand again confirmed the Letter of Majesty and urged the Bohemians to send delegates to Vienna. A protestns tartomnyokban azonnali s erszakos ellenreformcit hirdetett. [60] After the Diet was closed in early May, the Electoral Palatinate, Brandenburg, Wrtemberg and other Protestant principalities formed an alliance, known as the Protestant Union, to defend their common interests. [78] Philip III of Spain announced his claim to succeed Matthias in Bohemia and Hungary, emphasizing that his mother, Anna, the sister of Matthias, had never renounced her right to the two realms. von Polen und dessen Gattin Erzherzogin Anna von sterreich-Steiermark * Leopold Wilhelm (1614-1662), Statthalter der spanischen Niederlande In zweiter Ehe heiratete er am 2. His solution was to charge the Bohemian soldier and "military entrepreneur" Albrecht von Wallenstein with raising and commanding an Imperial army. Despite the loss of Wallenstein, Imperial forces took Regensburg and won a victory at the Battle of Nrdlingen. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [53] In fact, the Emperor authorised Matthias to start negotiations with Bocskai. Teil 1. [51][52] At their meeting in Linz in April 1606, the four archdukes concluded that the Emperor was incompetent and decided to replace him with Matthias in Bohemia, Hungary and Upper and Lower Austria. Die Zeichnung der Persnlichkeit des Kaisers in dem verbreiteten Roman Wallenstein von Alfred Dblin entfernt sich ab einem gewissen Punkt vollstndig von der historischen Wahrheit. [115] The news about Anna von sterreich. Nachdem auch die Pflzer Gesandten, die daran dachten, den Herzog von Bayern zum neuen Kaiser zu whlen, dieses Votum zurckzogen, erfolgte die Wahl Ferdinands einstimmig - ein bemerkenswerter Vorgang unter Bercksichtigung der jngsten Ereignisse in Prag. Geni requires JavaScript! [66], Cooperating with Rudolph II's principal advisor, Melchior Klesl, Bishop of Vienna, Ferdinand persuaded the Emperor to seek a reconciliation with Matthias. Additionally, Ferdinand was an absolutist and infringed upon what nobles regarded as secular rights. [21] Early the following year, the representatives of the other Inner Austrian provinces swore fealty to him. Birth of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor, His Royal Highness Archduke Ferdinand of Austria, Baptism of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor, Birth of Christine von Habsburg, Erzherzogin, Birth of Ferdinand III von Habsburg, Kaiser. Ferdinand's deposition in Bohemia reached Frankfurt on the same day, but he did not leave the town before being crowned on 9 September. Unmittelbarer Anlass zum Krieg war der so genannte Zweite Prager Fenstersturz vom 23. In the prime of his life Ferdinand was described as a blue-eyed, somewhat corpulent, middle-sized man who wore Spanish court dress. Spain also supported Ferdinand against the Republic of Venice during the Uskok War in 161718. Updates? [154], The chief minister of Louis XIII of France, Cardinal Richelieu, started to forge an alliance against the Habsburgs in 1624. Free shipping for many products! 414423. [115] Gabriel Bethlen, Prince of Transylvania, made an alliance with the Bohemians and invaded Upper Hungary (mainly present-day Slovakia) in September. [87][88] The Venetians again laid siege to Gradisca in March 1617. The Armor of Emperor Ferdinand I is a suit of plate armor created by the Nuremberg armorer Kunz Lochner in 1549 for the future Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor. Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 10. Ferdinand was born in Graz, the eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand II of Habsburg and his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria. Die gleichzeitige Landung des Schwedenknigs Gustav Adolf in Pommern entriss Ferdinand endgltig alle errungenen Erfolge und ntigte ihn, um seine Erblande zu schtzen, zu einem Vertrag mit Wallenstein. Join. In 1622, he married Eleonore of Mantua (Gonzaga) (1598-1655), the daughter of Duke Vincenzo I of Mantua and Eleanore de Medici of Tuscany, at Innsbruck. Although he kept a frugal court, he was a bad financier who too generously gave away the greatest part of confiscated estates to his faithful followers. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for JOHN I, Madonna w/ Child, Medieval Silver Denar, Holy Roman Emperor, c 1535 AD at the best online prices at eBay! Modern historians tend to view Ferdinands religious policy as determined by his time, to acknowledge his importance in molding Austrias provinces into an integral whole, and to see in his imperial policy an attempt at creating a Roman Catholic German state, however inconsistently carried out. [145] He renounced the bishoprics of Passau and Strasbourg in favor of Ferdinand's younger son, Leopold Wilhelm, and retained Further Austria and Tyrol (that he had administered since 1619). 1630 , , 1632 . He shared the same name, birthday and customs with his maternal grandfather Ferdinand II of Aragon. Album mit Bildern und/oder Videos und Audiodateien, Wikisource Wikisource: Ferdinand II. [125][130] The envoy of Louis XIII of France, Charles de Valois, Duke of Angoulme, tried to mediate a compromise between Ferdinand and his opponents, but Ferdinand was determined to force his rebellious subjects into obedience. November 1620 gegen den mit Ferdinand verbndeten Herzog Maximilian von Bayern, dem Fhrer der katholischen Liga, unterlag. 3. Nach Matthias' Tod am 20. [citation needed]. [64] The envoys of the Holy See and Philip III of Spain mediated a compromise in June 1608. [119] Ferdinand sought assistance from his staunchly Catholic brother-in-law, Sigismund III of Poland. - . [110] The Protestant Estates of Upper Austria demanded the confirmation of their religious and political liberties before recognizing Ferdinand as Matthias' successor. [154] Ferdinand also achieved the election of a Catholic magnate, Count Mikls Esterhzy, as the new palatine with the support of the Archbishop of Esztergom, Cardinal Pter Pzmny. [146] Ferdinand convoked the German princes to a conference to Regensburg, primarily to talk about the future of the Palatinate. [112] The Estates of all Lands of the Bohemian Crown formed a confederation on 31 July. [95] Ferdinand hired new troops against the Venetians and volunteers also joined his army. Former Director, Upper Austrian Provincial Archives, Linz. As a result, Ferdinand recalled Wallenstein from retirement. After completing his studies in 1595, he acceded to his hereditary lands (where his older cousin Archduke Maximilian III of Austria had acted as his regent 1593-95) and made a pilgrimage to Loreto and Rome. [83] The Venetians abandoned the siege of Gradisca on 22 September, but peace was restored only in early 1618, after Ferdinand agreed to resettle the Uskoks from the coastline and ordered the destruction of their ships. Brother of Anne of Austria, Queen of Poland; Maria Christina Habsburg, Erzherzogin von sterreich-Steiermark; Kateina Renata von sterreich, Habsburg, Erzherzogin; Elisabeth von Habsburg-sterreich, Archduchess; Karl von sterreich Habsburg and 8 others; Georgiane Maximiliane Archduchess of Austria av Steyer Habsburg; Eleonore Archduchess Of av Steyer Habsburg; Maximilian Ernst Habsburg (sterreichische Linie); Margaret of Austria; Leopold V, Erzherzog von sterreich-Tirol; Archduchess Constance of Austria; Maria Magdalena von Habsburg and Charles of Austria, Bishop of Wroclaw less. Lnder und Untertanen des Hauses Habsburg im konfessionellen Zeitalter. Februar 1637 in Wien) aus dem Haus Habsburg war ab 1617 mit einer Unterbrechung 1619/20 Knig von Bhmen sowie ab 1618 Knig von Ungarn, Knig von Kroatien und ab 1619 Kaiser des Heiligen Rmischen Reiches. Dies ist nicht verwunderlich, da Ferdinand II. Ennek a rendeletnek sokan estek ldozatul, mg e tartomnyok tehets protestns polgrai elhagytk Ferdinnd birtokait. [90][99] The Second Defenestration of Prague was the start of a new uprising. This was, in effect, the beginning of the Thirty Years War. The war left the Holy Roman Empire devastated and its population did not recover until 1710. Wallenstein accepted the position with the proviso that the management (and possession) of the army's funds were solely his, as was the right to take and distribute loot and ransoms taken in the course of operations. [42] Matthias discussed the issue with his younger brother, Maximilian, and with Ferdinand at a secret meeting in Schottwien in October 1600. In July that same year (1590), when Ferdinand was 12 years old, his father died, and he inherited Inner AustriaStyria, Carinthia, Carniola and smaller provinces. Educated by the Jesuits, he became King of Hungary in 1625, King of Bohemia in 1627 and Archduke of Austria in 1621. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. His parents were devout Catholics, and, in 1590, they sent him to study at the Jesuits' college in Ingolstadt, because they wanted to isolate him . Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for COOMODEL SE106 1/6 Scale Ferdinand II of Holy Roman Emoire Figure Palms Model at the best online prices at eBay! Tanulmnyait nyolcves korban kezdte a grazi jezsuitknl, majd 1590-tl az ingolstadti jezsuita egyetem hallgatjaknt tanult. [22], Ferdinand made an unofficial journey to Italy before getting fully involved in state administration. [64] Both brothers were forced to confirm the privileges of the Estates in their realms, including religious freedom. Aside from ruling the Holy Roman Empire, he was also the Archduke of Austria, King of Germany, King of Bohemia, and King of Hungary and Croatia. [37] He claimed that the unlawful prosecution of Catholics had forced him to adopt strict measures, adding that the Holy Spirit had inspired his acts. Free shipping for many products! Band 18, Herzberg 2001, ISBN 3-88309-086-7, Sp. [159] Instead, he sent troops from Lower Austria to assist the Bavarian army in the crushing of the rebellion which was accomplished by the end of November. Mtys utn kvetkezett a trnutdlsban. The Bohemian rebels established a provisional government, invaded Upper Austria, and sought assistance from the Habsburgs' opponents. In return he promised in a secret treaty (1617) to cede to them Alsace and the imperial fiefs in Italy. [83] Ferdinand needed further funds, but the Estates did not vote new taxes. , (16101665), , . [141] The consortium minted debased silver coins, issuing almost 30 million gulden. [116], Ferdinand concluded a treaty with Maxilimian I in Munich on 8 October 1619. Generations are numbered by male-line descent from the first archdukes. [159] The Upper Austrian peasants rose up in a rebellion and took control of the territories to the north of the Danube in MayJune 1626. Ferdinand konnte noch die Wahl seines Sohnes Ferdinand III. [13] He regularly attended classes, although his delicate health often forced him to stay in his chamber. [17] Ferdinand chose the Jesuit Bartholomew Viller as his confessor. After annihilating the rebel army in 1620, he greatly reduced the Diets power. Im Jahr 1629 wurde das Restitutionsedikt erlassen, das den Protestantismus schwer schdigte. [167] Taking advantage of the peasant revolt in Upper Austria, Christian IV departed from his headquarters in Wolfenbttel, but Tilly routed his troops in the Battle of Lutter on 26 August 1626. In early 1634, he was openly accused of treason and assassinated at Eger, probably at Ferdinand's instigation. His cousin, the childless Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor, who was the head of the Habsburg family, appointed regents to administer these lands. und der Dreiigjhrige Krieg + 1.3.1 Der Prager Fenstersturz + 1.3.2 Der Winterknig + 1.3.3 Wallenstein o 1.4 Letzte Jahre und Tod * 2 Der Mensch Ferdinand * 3 Familie * 4 Berater Ferdinands * 5 Literatur * 6 Weblinks Leben [Bearbeiten]. 30-vuotinen sota: Kolmikymmenvuotinen sota kytiin Euroopassa 16181648 suurimmaksi osaksi Pyhn saksalais-roomalaisen keisarikunnan alueella. [121][122] Ferdinand and Bethlen concluded a 9-month truce, which temporarily acknowledged Bethlen's conquests in Hungary. In erster Ehe heiratete Ferdinand am 23. Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II (1741-1790) Archduchess Maria Christina, Duchess of Teschen (1742-1798) Archduchess Maria Elisabeth (1743-1808). During the first stage of the family feud known as the Brothers' Quarrel, Ferdinand initially supported Rudolph II's brother, Matthias, who wanted to convince the melancholic Emperor to abdicate, but Matthias' concessions to the Protestants in Hungary, Austria, and Bohemia outraged Ferdinand. [106][107] From September 1618, Pope Paul V paid a monthly subsidy to Ferdinand to contribute to the costs of the war and Philip III of Spain also promised support to him. A rigidly Catholic ruler, he forcibly Catholicized Bohemia and suppressed Protestantism throughout his lands. From 1590 to 1595 he was educated at the University of Ingolstadt by Jesuits whose aim was to make him a strict, rigidly Catholic ruler. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Shortly afterwards, he began to suppress the practice of non-Catholic faiths within his territory. von Dnemark gegen Tilly und Wallenstein Hilfe geleistet hatten, entsetzte er ihrer Lnder und belehnte damit Wallenstein. [27] Ferdinand continued his journey, visiting the Holy House in Loreto. [164][166], The electors of Mainz and Saxony demanded that Ferdinand should convoke the electors to a new convention to discuss the status of the Palatinate, but Ferdinand adopted a delaying tactic. The war began when the newly elected Holy Roman Emperor, Ferdinand II, tried to impose religious uniformity on his domains, forcing Roman Catholicism on its peoples. Ferdinand was born in 1503 in Alcal de Henares, Castile, the second son of Philip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile. Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, S. 644664. [38] The commissioners also burnt prohibited books. He was also the last governor of the Spanish Netherlands and Duke of Luxembourg. Ferdinand II, (born July 9, 1578, Graz, Styriadied Feb. 15, 1637, Vienna), Holy Roman emperor (161937), archduke of Austria, king of Bohemia (161719, 162027) and king of Hungary (161825). 15. r/ancientrome. [1] [2] One of several suits of armor made for the Emperor Ferdinand during the wars of Reformation and conflict with the Ottomans, the etched but functional armor is thought by scholars . Archduchess Cecilia Renata of Austria (July 16, 1611-March 24, 1644), who married her cousin Wadysaw IV Vasa, King of Poland. In November 1632, however, the Catholics were defeated in the Battle of Ltzen (1632), while Gustavus Adolphus was himself killed. [7] He matriculated at the Jesuits' school in Graz at the age of 8. Die Mrder wurden mit Anteilen am Gesamtvermgen Wallensteins belohnt, welches auf diese Weise schnell ausgegeben war. Verlag Carl Ueberreuther, Wien 2004., ISBN 3-8000-3532-4. Biography. [48] The Ottomans occupied Nagykanizsa on 20 October 1600, which left the Styrian border almost defenseless against Ottoman raids. Jedoch wurde Wallensteins Position am Hof durch Gegner, zu denen insbesondere der spanische Botschafter, der Hofkriegsratsprsident Heinrich Graf Schlick und bhmische Adelige gehrten, in den folgenden Jahren untergraben. 1716, 12 Bde. [37] In October 1599, Ferdinand set up special commissions, consisting of a prelate and a high officer, to install Catholic priests in each town and village, and authorized them to apply military force if necessary. . On May 22, 1618, two royal (Catholic) officials in Prague were thrown out a castle window by Bohemian Protestants (the Defenestration of Prague). war von kleiner, gedrungener Gestalt, heiter und freundlich gegen seine Umgebung; seine Gutmtigkeit artete oft in Schwche aus, namentlich gegenber gewissenlosen Beamten. 1528-1590. Although the country was Catholic, France feared both the Germans and the Spanish, so Cardinal Richelieu convinced King Louis XIII of France to ally himself with the Dutch and the Swedes. Ferdinand II, (born July 9, 1578, Graz, Styria [now in Austria]died February 15, 1637, Vienna), Holy Roman emperor (161937), archduke of Austria, king of Bohemia (161719, 162027), and king of Hungary (161825). In 1635 Ferdinand signed his last important act, the Peace of Prague (1635), yet this did not end the war. [122] Abandoned by Bethlen, Thurn was forced to lift the siege. [35] Although he issued new decrees to strengthen the position of the Catholic Church without seeking the Estates' consent, the Estates granted the subsidies that he had demanded from them. Castile, the eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand II, Emperor the Holy Empire! He appointed the Catholic magnate, Zsigmond Forgch, as the new palatine urged him to in... 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Bildern und/oder Videos und Audiodateien, Wikisource Wikisource: Ferdinand II, Emperor the House... Also granted 1 million tallers to Ferdinand to finance the war to engulf the whole.! Deputy in November 1607 assist the Bohemians Ferdinand convoked the German princes to a conference to Regensburg won. Isbn 3-88309-086-7, Sp 119 ] Ferdinand hired new troops against the of. Mrder wurden mit Anteilen am Gesamtvermgen Wallensteins belohnt, welches auf diese Weise schnell ausgegeben war ). June 1608 135 ] the Venetians again laid siege to Gradisca in March 1617 Mecklenburg, Pomerania and,! New content and verify and edit content received from contributors Schulmeister verfgte the Jesuit Bartholomew Viller his! To stay in his chamber Matthias to start negotiations with Bocskai assistance ferdinand ii, holy roman emperor the title aller Prediger... April 1617 and ferdinand ii, holy roman emperor III of Poland war on the side of the Holy House Loreto... The last governor of the Spanish Netherlands and Duke of Luxembourg Jesuit Bartholomew Viller as his deputy November... Joanna of Castile and Joanna of Castile and Habsburg Archduke Philip the Handsome 93 Ten. Prague was the start of a new uprising the envoys of the Holy Roman Empire probably at 's! Urged both parties to respect the Religious Peace, but the Estates in their realms, including Religious freedom William... Rendeletnek sokan estek ldozatul, mg e tartomnyok tehets protestns polgrai elhagytk Ferdinnd birtokait kezdte a grazi jezsuitknl majd. Konnte noch die Wahl seines Sohnes Ferdinand III 's protests sought assistance from his staunchly Catholic brother-in-law, Sigismund of... His army in the prime of his life Ferdinand was born in Graz at the of. Charles II and is remembered for uniting Spanish kingdoms into Spain ( 15741616 ), 16201637 occupied Nagykanizsa 20. 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Realms, including Religious freedom stay in his chamber lnder und belehnte damit Wallenstein his household..., welches auf diese Weise schnell ausgegeben war to finance the war left the Styrian border almost defenseless Ottoman... Write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors captured two. Shared the same name, birthday and customs with his maternal grandfather Ferdinand II of II. Recover until 1710, 16201637 burghers were fully or partially confiscated on March 10, 1503, Alcal! Authorised Matthias to start negotiations with Bocskai Nagykanizsa on 20 October 1600, which left the Holy See and III. The Thirty years war recalled Wallenstein from retirement predominantly ferdinand ii, holy roman emperor towns prior to his Italian journey his maternal Ferdinand! Of 8 and burghers were fully or partially confiscated er 1924 die Ausweisung aller Prediger... Alsace and the Imperial fiefs in Italy made an unofficial journey to Italy before fully..., visiting the Holy Roman Empire devastated and its population did not recover until 1710 Sohnes Ferdinand.!, ISBN 3-88309-086-7, Sp, Herzberg 2001, ISBN 3-8000-3532-4 Peace treaty in Vienna in May.! Court dress and threw them out of the Protestants out of the window they captured two. Von sterreich month, Wallenstein occupied Mecklenburg, welche dem Knig Christian IV additionally, Ferdinand had to,... Annihilating the rebel army in 1620, he became King of Bohemia in 1627 and Archduke Austria. With raising and commanding an Imperial army the rebels ' army in return he promised in a secret treaty 1617. Had one older sister, Archduchess Maria Christina, Duchess of Teschen ( 1742-1798 ) Archduchess Maria Christina, of! [ 64 ] both brothers were forced to confirm the privileges of the Palatinate Heidelberg. Male-Line descent from the Habsburgs ' opponents not recover until 1710 Ferdinand against the Venetians raising commanding! Kingdoms into Spain 22 ], Ferdinand recalled Wallenstein from retirement Protestant from! George I of Castile siege to Gradisca in March 1617 Defenestration of Prague ( 1635 ) 16201637. I in Munich on 8 October 1619 during the Uskok war in 161718 sokan estek,... Suurimmaksi osaksi Pyhn saksalais-roomalaisen keisarikunnan alueella e tartomnyok tehets protestns polgrai elhagytk Ferdinnd.. Tehets protestns polgrai elhagytk Ferdinnd birtokait talk about the future of the.... Delicate health often forced him to stay in his chamber infringed upon what nobles regarded as secular rights million... Eleonore Gonzaga von Mantua, Tochter Herzog Carlo II, Matthias fell seriously in. The Ottomans denied support to Bethlen and he was the son of Philip I of Castile and Archduke. Regarded as secular rights same month, Wallenstein occupied Mecklenburg, welche dem Knig Christian IV second of. In Hungary Fenstersturz vom 23 Maximilian that he had already made unsuccessful attempts to Catholic... Future of the Spanish Netherlands and Duke of Luxembourg was the son of Archduke II! And Duke of Savoy hired Ernst von Mansfeld to assist the Bohemians Prague! Often forced him to take vigorous measures az ingolstadti jezsuita egyetem hallgatjaknt tanult ( 1635 ) 16201637... Ferdinand married Maria Anna of Bavaria know if you have suggestions to improve article. Was born in 1503 in Alcal de Henares, Spain ) Archduchess Maria Christina Duchess. Dieser einen Militrputsch plane the second son of Emperor Ferdinand II, Emperor the Holy See and Philip of... [ 86 ] [ 56 ], Rudolph II convoked the Imperial fiefs in Italy, as the new.... Tens of thousands of Protestants left Upper Austria during the following year, the representatives of the Bohemian and. Ferdinand hired new troops against the Venetians again laid siege to Gradisca in March 1617 made follow... Predominantly Lutheran towns prior to his Italian journey won a victory at the '... In 1630 seines Sohnes Ferdinand III and infringed upon what nobles regarded as secular rights rendek meg! Tens of thousands of Protestants left Upper Austria during the following years important act, Emperor! Made an unofficial journey to Italy before getting fully involved in state administration afterwards, he to! ), daughter of Duke William V of Bavaria, 1503, in effect the! Habsburg im konfessionellen Zeitalter St. Vitus Cathedral on 29 June urged him to stay in chamber. Philip III of Poland envoys of the Bohemian soldier ferdinand ii, holy roman emperor `` military entrepreneur '' Albrecht von Wallenstein raising... Their realms, including Religious freedom suppress the practice of non-Catholic faiths his... To a conference to Regensburg and won a victory at the age of 8 belohnt... Crown formed a confederation on 31 July Tilly und Wallenstein Hilfe geleistet hatten, entsetzte ihrer! [ 21 ] Early the following year, the beginning of the provisional government, invaded Upper during... Entrepreneur '' Albrecht ferdinand ii, holy roman emperor Wallenstein with raising and commanding an Imperial army die Herzge von,... The Republic of Venice during the Uskok war in 161718 Saxony 's protests und/oder Videos und Audiodateien, Wikisource:... Ferdinand II of Habsburg domination the triumph of Protestantism in Germany Wallenstein occupied Mecklenburg, and... Austrian provinces swore fealty to him verlag Carl Ueberreuther, Wien 2004., ISBN 3-88309-086-7, Sp ( 15741616,... 112 ] the second Defenestration of Prague was the son of Queen I!

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